Reserve study requirements by state

All common interest developments (condos, HOAs, co-ops : no unit threshold) must conduct a full reserve study with visual inspection of accessible major components every 3 years and review it annually. The funding plan must be included in the annual budget disclosure (Davis-Stirling Act).

Condominiums and cooperatives must have a current reserve study (performed or updated within the last 5 years) and budget a reserve line item sufficient to achieve the study's funding level; without a current study, fallback floors of 15%/10%/5% of budget apply. Planned-community HOAs are not covered.

Residential condominiums/co-ops with 3+ habitable stories need a Structural Integrity Reserve Study (SIRS) on a 10-year cycle, with milestone inspections starting at age 30 (25 within 3 miles of coast); SIRS reserves are non-waivable. Standard condo reserves remain waivable, and HOAs under Ch. 720 have no study mandate. HB 913 (2025) updated deadlines and permits loans/special assessments as SIRS funding.

Condominium associations (Ch. 514B) must fund at least 50% of estimated replacement reserves (or 100% under a cash-flow plan) with the budget based on a reserve study reviewed by an independent preparer at least every 3 years. Planned-community HOAs under Ch. 421J are not covered.

All common-interest communities (HOAs and condos : no unit threshold) must maintain a reserve study performed at least every 5 years from the on-site inspection, review it annually, and fund reserves on a reasonable, actuarially sound basis; a summary must be filed with the Division. Small communities (20 units or fewer) in rural counties may use any board-qualified preparer.

Boards of planned communities (and condominiums) must conduct a reserve study each year or review/update the existing one; the initial study and maintenance plan are set at creation, and the 30-year projection must be funded in a separate account. Class II planned communities (created on/after 1/1/2002) are exempt.

Associations must have a reserve analysis at least every 6 years, review/update it every 3 years, and provide owners an annual summary; reserves are funded as a prudent budget line item (no fixed percentage). HB 217 (2025) created an HOA Ombudsman to enforce non-compliance.

Property owners' associations (declarations recorded after 1/1/1959) and condominiums must conduct a reserve study at least every 5 years and review it annually; reserves are funded 'as appropriate' via reserves, assessments, or borrowing. 2024 amendments added a statutory definition of reserve study.

Every common-interest community must have an initial reserve study by a reserve study professional with visual site inspection, updated annually, with a professional visual-site-inspection update every 3rd year (WUCIOA : applies to pre-2018 communities since 1/1/2026). A separate reserve account is required; no statutory funding level.

No mandate for existing associations : CCIOA requires a written reserve-study policy plus annual disclosure. HB26-1099 (2026, eff. 8/12/26) requires declarants of NEW communities to obtain an independent 30-year reserve study before transferring control.